In the summer of 1956, a group of young scientists sat down to consider the astounding proposition that every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can, in principle, be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it. Armed with their own enthusiasm, the excitement of the idea itself, and lots of government money, they predicted that the In the summer of 1956, a group of young scientists sat down to consider the astounding proposition that every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can, in principle, be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it. Evoking alain robbe grillet excerpt. Buku kedisiplinan siswa pdf. Ai: The Tumultuous History Of The Search For Artificial Intelligence (Englisch) Gebundenes Buch – 1. April 1993 April 1993 von. Armed with their own enthusiasm, the excitement of the idea itself, and lots of government money, they predicted that the whole range of human intelligence would be programmable within their own lifetimes. Nearly half a century later, the field has grown tenfold - with mixed results. 'If Sue and Jack are talking, and Jim is in the same room, will he understand them?' 'Most likely. Sue, Jack and Jim are familiar forms of the names Susan, John and James, which are characteristic of English-speaking peoples, so most likely Sue, Jack and Jim are native speakers of English. Unless there is a reason not to, and there usually isn't, Sue and Jack will talk in their native language, which Jim is likely to understand.' ![]() 'What if it is January 2015, and Jim was born in October 2014?' 'If Sue and Jack are talking, and Jim is in the same room, will he understand them?' 'Most likely. Sue, Jack and Jim are familiar forms of the names Susan, John and James, which are characteristic of English-speaking peoples, so most likely Sue, Jack and Jim are native speakers of English. Unless there is a reason not to, and there usually isn't, Sue and Jack will talk in their native language, which Jim is likely to understand.' 'What if it is January 2015, and Jim was born in October 2014?' Jim must be a 2- or a 3-month-old baby, and babies this small do not understand language.' 'What if it is January 2015, and Jim was born in October 2010?' 'It depends on Sue's and Jack's ages. If they are adults, then probably not. Adults are interested in topics four-year-old children are unfamiliar with, and use vocabulary far beyond their grasp. However, if Sue and Jack are also four-year-old children, then Jim is likely to understand them very well.' 'What if Jim is a dog?' Dogs do not understand human language other than commands directed at them.' 'Suppose Sue, Jack and Jim are adult humans who are native speakers of English and know no other language. If Sue and Jack are talking, and Jim is in the same room, what could make him not understand them?' 'Jim could be asleep, and Sue and Jack could be talking so quietly as to not wake him up.' 'If Sue and Jack are talking, and Jim is in the same room, do Sue and Jack know that Jim will understand them?' 'Yes, unless Jim has made himself hidden, for example, by sitting under a table with a long tablecloth.' 'And how will this make Jim hidden?' 'Sue and Jack will not see him behind the tablecloth, and if he sits still, they will not hear him, so they will falsely assume that no one else is in the room.' 'Why would Jim do that?' 'He could expect Sue and Jack to come to the room, think that they are alone, and discuss matters they would not discuss in front of another person, which, however, Jim wanted to learn.' 'What matters?' 'For instance, matters relating to sex or to money.' 'How do you know all that?' 'This is something you learn when you grow up as a human being. You are not born knowing these things, but by age 18 you do.' 'Can you write down all you know?'
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